Uterine fibroid embolization (UFE), also called uterine artery embolization, is a minimally invasive, catheter-based procedure that is designed to reduce blood flow to uterine fibroids. Understanding how UFE works can help patients discuss this option knowledgeably with their physician when exploring fibroid treatment approaches.
What Is the Goal of Uterine Fibroid Embolization?
Fibroids depend on a blood supply to grow and maintain their size. UFE is designed to interrupt that blood supply by delivering embolic material into the uterine arteries that feed the fibroids. With reduced blood flow, fibroids may shrink and soften over time, which can lead to improvement in fibroid-related symptoms for some patients. Individual outcomes vary, and this procedure does not remove the fibroid tissue directly the way surgery does.
How Is the UFE Procedure Performed?
UFE is typically performed by an interventional radiologist using imaging guidance. While the exact technique can vary by physician and case, the general steps often include:
- Vascular access: the physician accesses an artery, commonly in the wrist or groin, using a small needle and introducer sheath.
- Catheter navigation: a thin catheter is guided through the arterial system toward the uterine arteries, using fluoroscopic imaging for guidance.
- Angiography: contrast dye is injected to visualize the uterine artery anatomy and confirm the vessels supplying the fibroids.
- Embolic delivery: embolic material—commonly particles or microspheres—is injected through the catheter into the target uterine artery branches, reducing blood flow to the fibroids.
- Bilateral treatment: this process is typically repeated on the opposite side, since fibroids often receive blood supply from both uterine arteries.
- Confirmation imaging: the physician confirms adequate reduction in blood flow before completing the procedure.
What Happens After the Procedure?
Patients are typically monitored for a period after the procedure, and physicians commonly discuss expected post-procedure symptoms, such as pelvic cramping, which may be managed with medication as directed by the care team. Recovery timelines vary by individual, and specific aftercare instructions should always come directly from the treating physician.
Who Determines Candidacy for UFE?
Candidacy for uterine fibroid embolization is determined by a physician based on factors including fibroid size, number, and location, symptom severity, overall health, and individual patient goals—including any future fertility considerations. UFE is not appropriate for every patient or every type of fibroid, and a thorough evaluation with imaging is necessary before this determination can be made.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is UFE a surgical procedure?
UFE is considered a minimally invasive, catheter-based procedure rather than traditional surgery, since it does not require an abdominal incision to remove the fibroid. It is typically performed by an interventional radiologist.
How long does a UFE procedure take?
Procedure duration varies depending on individual vascular anatomy and the number of fibroids being treated. A physician can provide a more specific estimate based on the pre-procedure imaging and planning.
Does UFE affect future fertility?
The relationship between UFE and future fertility is an individualized topic that depends on many factors, including fibroid characteristics and patient history. Patients considering future pregnancy should discuss this specifically with their physician before pursuing any fibroid treatment.
Related INVAMED Resources
- Embolization Products at INVAMED
- LIBRO Non-Adhesive Embolization Agent
- Request Information from INVAMED
Medical Disclaimer: This article is provided for general informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendation. It is not a substitute for consultation with a qualified healthcare professional. Product indications, availability, and regulatory status vary by country. Always refer to the official Instructions for Use (IFU) and consult a licensed physician for guidance specific to your situation. INVAMED devices are intended for use by trained healthcare professionals.