RFA uses high-frequency alternating current through needle electrodes to generate heat within tumors, causing coagulative necrosis. Primary indications include hepatocellular carcinoma, liver metastases, renal tumors, and lung nodules.
Laser trans-urethral ablation uses focused laser energy delivered through endoscopic instruments to vaporize or coagulate bladder tumors and treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with minimal bleeding and faster recovery.
Intracavitary hypothermia delivers controlled temperature therapy directly to the bladder to enhance the efficacy of intravesical chemotherapy agents. The combination of heat and chemotherapy improves drug penetration into tumor tissue.
