Embolisation

A vascular plug is a self-expanding nitinol occlusion device delivered via catheter to permanently block blood flow. Indications include AVM embolization, pre-surgical devascularization, endoleak treatment, and pulmonary AVM closure.

EVOH is a non-adhesive liquid embolic delivered in DMSO solvent with tantalum for fluoroscopic visibility. Primary indications: cerebral AVM embolization, peripheral aneurysm treatment, tumor devascularization, and endoleak sealing.

Coil embolization uses metallic coils for focal vessel occlusion. Liquid embolization uses polymeric agents (EVOH or NBCA) that solidify in situ for diffuse vascular malformations. Choice depends on anatomy and flow characteristics.